The 180 degree rule is when an imaginary line called the axis connects the characters and by keeping the camera on one side of this axis for every shot in the scene. The camera or cameras should always remain on that side of the imaginary line. An example is if a chase scene and actor/actress is running away from right to left, the next shot must also be shot from the same side. That means the actor/actress has to enter from right to left. Here is a diagram below on how the rule works:
Breaking the rule.
The rule should never be broken unless for effect. Breaking the rule will confuse the viewer, especially in scenes of chase and conversation.
Results of rule breaking:
. Confusion of audience.
. Viewer loses focus.
. Miss vital parts of the film.
Ways Around the rule.
The only way you can cross the line (axis) without disturbing and confusing the audience is to show the camera movement crossing. You cannot cut across the line because the audience will not be orientated. Once the axis has been crossed you have to stay on that side of the line unless you show the movement back over.
Using 180 Degree Rule.
Here is quick story board I produced to help me get a better understanding of using the 180 degree rule in filming...
Scene commences with a wide shot and one actor sitting to the left of the frame and a door on the right.
Shot cuts to another actor on the right of the frame walking through the door.
Wide shot is back with two actors in the frame. First actor on the left is still there greeting the other who is still on the right.
Changes to medium shot to show first actor on the left exchanging some dialogue to the other actor.
Now switches to second actor who is still on the right sat down replying to first actor.
The actors are now both in the frame again.
Next shot is an over the shoulder shot with second actor having ago at the other.
Another shot in reverse effect to the one above.
Lastly, a close up/medium two shot used to show the heated expressions on their face.
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